CLICK HERE 👇 TO SELECT CHAPTERS
NEB ENGLISH ALL NOTES [C.ENG | M. ENG] CLASS 11
 |
| Neb English Notes |
Scientific Research is a Token of Humankind's Survival by Vladimir Keilis Borok: Summary | Questions and Answers | Class 11 English
Scientific Research is a Token of Humankind's Survival by Vladimir Keilis Borok
MAIN SUMMARY
Scientific Research is a Token of Humankind's Survival by Vladimir Keilis Borok
The essay "Scientific Research is a Token of Humankind's Survival" is written by Russian mathematical geophysicist and seismologist Vladimir Kelis-Borok. In this essay, facts related to science and its outstanding contribution to the lives of people around the world have been presented. This essay has shown how most scientists around the world unite and rise above their national identities to find solutions to common problems among nations. Here, the main speaker of this essay is the author himself. Here, we find him advocating science by saying that science is the indispensable guardian and caretaker of mankind.
The author starts with the profession of a scientist and says that scientists earn less than businessmen, lawyers, and doctors. Despite this fact, some people still decide to be scientists in their lives because they cannot live without science. According to the author, science is a thrilling adventure where the main reward comes from discovery. The scientist gets respect, honour, and promotion in exchange for big money through his discoveries. A scientist gets less money than lawyers, doctors, and businessmen but enjoys freedom, camaraderie, and independence.
Next, the author talks with his readers about his experience during the Cold War. The author says that in 1960, when he was doing his research on seismic waves (earth tremors) in the capital city of Moscow, he was called by the President of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The President showed him a letter from Geneva relating to a meeting in Geneva about nuclear weapons. An American scientist, Fran Press, invited him to Geneva to participate in the discussion. As a result, the author found himself in Geneva.
During that time, the fear of annihilation (destruction) by nuclear weapons was so high. People were living in danger. The Cold War was at its peak during the 1960s. Superpower countries like Russia (the Soviet Union), America, and England had a lot of nuclear weapons. They could easily destroy other countries in their first attack using nuclear weapons. Before the Geneva summit, an important decision was taken by the politicians of three powerful nations for the survival of humanity. The three nuclear powers were ready to come to an agreement banning the testing of new nuclear weapons. That episode was the atmosphere of the Cold War, in which scientists on opposite sides had to come to an understanding to promote world peace and prevent the use of nuclear weapons. That episode taught the author that science is the hope of survival and well-being for all.
The nuclear powers signed an agreement to stop testing new nuclear weapons. But they faced the problem that if someone violated the agreement by secret underground testing of nuclear weapons, how could they (other powers) detect that test? For that reason, the problem that had arisen was solved by calling technical experts (scientists).
As a seismologist, the author had theoretical knowledge of seismic waves. His theoretical knowledge had direct application in the field of the existence of mankind. He had a very good knowledge of the tremors of underground nuclear explosions as well as the tremors produced by earthquakes. With his knowledge, the author would easily come to know the difference between the two different shocks.
According to the author, scientists are the most practical people in the world. This can be seen in new technologies and new brands in industries ranging from defence to entertainment. Scientists invented antibiotics, electronics, biotechnology, synthetic fibres, the Green Revolution, genetic forensic diagnostics, etc. Basic knowledge of science always supports people in their lives.
According to the author, the existence of our civilization is in danger due to natural and man-made disasters. Among them are earthquakes, the self-destruction of megacities, environmental disasters, and economic and social crises. The massive release of radioactivity from nuclear waste disposal and outbreaks of mass violence are cited by the author as man-made disasters.
Science is our indispensable protector and caretaker, as it is the only science that can ensure that we move safely with the times.
For the survival of mankind, countries secretly signed treaties not to test nuclear weapons. But science and its scientists ensured the existence of mankind. It is the only science that can differentiate between tremors caused by nuclear explosions and natural earthquakes. It is this science that can provide us with new sources of energy, new mineral deposits, and an efficient defence against terrorism.
The hope of science is also of great importance for the survival of mankind. In the present scenario, both natural and man-made disasters threaten the safety of mankind. Be it a tsunami or terrorism, money alone cannot solve the problem. A scientific solution is the only hope. Thus, the author has several reasons to conclude that science is the hope of existence.
CLICK HERE 👇 TO READ
CLICK HERE 👇 TO READ
NEXT PLAY: TRIFLES BY SUSAN GLASPELL SUMMARY & SOLUTION
Thanks for Visiting my Website: Suraj Bhatt
Post a Comment