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Unit 10 Class 10 English
Games and Sports 》The First Olympic Games
Exercise & Grammar
Unit 10 Class 10 English: Games and Sports
The First Olympic Games
Complete the sentences with the words given below.
exquisite inherited underworld embroidered stew decreed mounted rejoicing furious lush
a. We are having ............. for lunch today.
》stew
b. The demon was sent to the ........... for his disobedience to the gods.
》underworld
c. The sleeves of his coat were ........... in gold.
》embroidered
d. Smita was absolutely .......... at having been cheated.
》furious
e. Her wedding dress was absolutely .............
》exquisite.
f. The prince ............. the kingship after his father's death.
》inherited
g. There was a great ........... when the Nepali Football Team won SAFF U-19 championship.
》rejoicing
h. The king ............. his horse and rode away from the palace.
》mounted
i. The government ............ that the following day would be a holiday on the occasion of Eid.
》decreed
j. It was wonderful to spend a week in the ........... green countryside.
》lush
B. Write if the following statements are true, false or not given based on the information given in the text.
a. Tantalus’ father Zeus was also half god and half man.
》NG
b. Tantalus wanted to take revenge with the gods.
》NG
c. The gods revived Pelops to rule in Elis.
》False
d. Princess Hippodamia was impressed with Pelops at the first sight.
》True
e. Hippodamia wanted to kill the king so that she could inherit the kingdom.
》False
f. The Olympic Games were not held for about 1,500 years due to the fear of the earthquake.
》False
g. In every Olympic Games the torch is carried from Greece.
》True
C. Answer these questions.
a. Who was Tantalus?
Answer:
Tantalus was a man from ancient Greek mythology who was half-man and half-god. He was a son of Zeus, the king of the gods.
b. Why were the gods angry with him?
Answer:
The gods were angry with him because he decided the horrible idea of chopping his son Pelops and serving him as a stew to the gods in return invitation to dinner.
c. What punishment did gods give Tantalus?
Answer:
As a punishment, the gods sent Tantalus down to the underworld, where he had to stand in water up to his neck forever.
d. What special qualities did the horses of the king and Pelops have?
Answer:
Both Pelops and the king's horses were given by gods. Their horses had special qualities. Pelops horses were snow-white and could run faster than the wind whereas king's horses could run faster than lightning.
e. What was the risk of proposing princess Hippodamia?
Answer:
The risk of proposing to princess Hippodamia was that Pelops had to race with the princess's father and if he lost the race, his head would have been chopped off.
f. How did the stable boy help Pelops win the race?
Answer:
The stable boy helped Pelops win the race by taking out the bronze pins that held the wheels of the king's chariot and replacing them with pins made of candle wax.
g. How did the king die?
Answer:
The king died while his chariot crashed. When the race began, the wax pins in the king's chariot melted due to heat. His chariot's wheels flew off and got crashed. In this way, the king was killed and Pelops won the race.
h. Why did Pelops and Hippodamia organise a feast?
Answer:
Pelops and Hippodamia organised a feast to extend honour to the late old king, father of Hippodamia.
i. How did the events of the feast become the Origin of the modern Olympic Games?
Answer:
The events of the feast became the origin of the modern Olympic Games through Pelops' establishment of a tradition of holding athletic competitions every four years on the fields of Olympia. In the memory of late king, Pelops established a tradition of Games which became the origin of the modern Olympic Games.
j. How is the Olympic torch lit?
Answer:
The Olympic torch is lit from the rays of the sun on the Olympic fields in Greece.
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D. What is the significance of the Olympic Games in the world today? Discuss.
Answer:
Today's modern world is highly influenced by different kinds of games. People around the world prefer to participate as well as watch games. Games are a source of physical fitness and also entertainment. Games from ancient days up to now have been providing joy and recreation to people.
Talking about the Olympic games, they have had a huge impact on the world we live in today. Due to these games, the relationships between different countries and people have become stronger. These games have brought people from all countries and cultures to one place where they compete with each other to represent their nations. These Games have promoted international cooperation and understanding between the people and nations. Millions of people are inspired due to these games. People in the world want energetic as well as active life. World events like Olympic Games instil energy and enthusiasm among people to participate in the games.
These games promote physical fitness and a healthy lifestyle. The Games also have a huge economic and cultural impact, providing a platform for nations to highlight their cultural heritage and promote tourism. Sports will never become more important in the world until they improve.
Pronunciation
Consult a dictionary and find the number of syllables and the stressed syllable in the following words. Then pronounce them correctly.
invitation
Number of syllables 》4
Number of stressed syllable 》2 (in / ta )
embroidered
Number of syllables 》3
Number of stressed syllable 》1 (broi)
exquisite
Number of syllables 》3
Number of stressed syllable 》1 ( ex )
furious
Number of syllables 》3
Number of stressed syllable 》1 ( fu )
inherit
Number of syllables 》3
Number of stressed syllable 》1 ( her )
princess
Number of syllables 》2
Number of stressed syllable 》1 (prin)
beautiful
Number of syllables 》3
Number of stressed syllable 》1 (beau)
carefully
Number of syllables 》3
Number of stressed syllable 》1 (care )
marriage
Number of syllables 》2
Number of stressed syllable 》1 ( mar )
earthquake
Number of syllables 》2
Number of stressed syllable 》2 (earth / quake )
stadium
Number of syllables 》3
Number of stressed syllable 》1 (sta)
Olympic
Number of syllables 》3
Number of stressed syllable 》1 (lym)
archaeologists
Number of syllables 》5
Number of stressed syllable 》2 (ar /ol )
Speaking
A. Work in pairs. Ask what activities people have done recently and answer using the given clues.
Example:
A : Which place has Kathy recently visited?
B : She has visited London.
a. Shovan/ paint/ house
A: Which place has Shovan recently painted?
B: Shovan has painted his house.
b. Sarmistha/ watch/ a movie
A: Which movie has Sarmistha recently watched?
B: Sarmistha has watched Adipurush.
c. Lakpa/ scale/Mt. Annapurna
A: Which mountain has Lakpa recently scaled?
B: Lakpa scaled Mt. Annapurna.
d. Srijana/ plant/ potato
A: Which vegetable has Srijana recently planted?
B: Shrijana has planted potato.
e. Swikriti/release/new song
A: Which song has Swikriti recently released?
B: Swikriti has released a new song.
f. Nandita/ take/ driving test
A: Which test has Nandita recently taken?
B: Nandita has taken driving test.
g. Ashok/ visit/ grandparents
A: Whom has Ashok recently visited?
B: Ashok has visited his grandparents.
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B. Ask three of your friends what they have recently done. Keep notes of their work and tell it to the class.
Example:
Krisha has recently visited a library in her community. She has got the membership of the library. She has also borrowed two books for fifteen days.
1. Jane has recently bought a new bicycle. She has ordered new stickers for her bicycle. She has also bought a padlock for her bicycle.
2. Ram has recently watched a movie. He has invited all his friends to watch that movie. He has also bought popcorn for all of them.
3. Simran has recently visited Pokhara. She has visited popular places in Pokhara. She also has met her friend there.
Grammar I
A. Complete the text below with present perfect or present perfect continuous tense of verbs in the brackets.
Kaski, Pokhara
21 August
Hi Nima!
Just a quick note from Pokhara. We have been here for two days now. We have been staying in a hotel in Lakeside since we arrived. By now, we have already visited many places of interest here. I feel really excited to be here. We haven't been to Sarangkot yet. We plan to go there too. I have always wished to go paragliding. I have been convincing my parents for this.
How have you spent your holidays? I guess you have been visiting your grandparents. Please have a great time. We will have a great fun back at school.
With love,
Nirjala
B. Complete the sentences below with present perfect or present perfect continuous tense of the verbs given in the brackets.
a. Siddhartha ......... (learn) to drive just in ten years!
》has learnt
b. It ........... (rain) all the summer. There are floods and landslides in many places.
》has been raining
c. Palden: You must have finished the book. I think you ................ (read) it since last week.
》have been reading
Ricky: No, I .......... (not/finish) it yet. Actually, I started it just yesterday.
》haven't finished
d. What ......... (you/cook) for so long?
》have you been cooking
e. You ............ (promise) to help me many times. You really need to help me today.
》have promised
f. The children have their exams next week. So they .......... (prepare) a lot.
》have been preparing
g. The film is really wonderful. ......... (you/watch) it yet?
》Have you watched
h. Sitaram ........ (paint) his house all day. He .......... (not/finish) it yet.
》has been painting
》hasn't finished
i. Finally they........... (fix) the leakage in their roof.
》have fixed
j. I am so tired now. I ............. (work) hard lately.
》have worked
Writing I
A. Read the following paragraph about a popular footballer and answer the questions.
English footballer David Beckham became a popular player in the late 1990s. By early 2000s he was familiar athlete all over the world. Firstly he became popular in his country England playing for Manchester United Club. Then he was recognised in Spain while playing for Real Madrid. He is considered a valuable player in the team because of his skills to take dangerous free kicks, range of passing to long distances and crossing ability. He is not only a skillful and talented player but an incredible leader as well. As a captain of the national team,
Beckham led England in 2002 World Cup where the team lost only to Brazil. He earned 58 cups for England during his tenure. The footballer has got a huge fan following base from all over the world. He is still loved by many even after his retirement.
a. Which sentence is the topic sentence of the paragraph?
Answer:
The topic sentence of the paragraph is "English footballer David Beckham became a popular player in the late 1990s."
b. Are the other sentences related to the topic sentence?
Answer:
Yes, the other sentences in the paragraph are related to the topic sentence. These sentences offer more details regarding Beckham's popularity, his playing abilities, his leadership skills, and his accomplishments.
c. Which sentence concludes the paragraph?
Answer:
The sentence that concludes the paragraph is The sentence "He is still loved by many even after his retirement" concludes the paragraph.
d. Are the topic and concluding sentences similar or different?
Answer:
The topic and concluding sentences are different. The topic sentence presents the major point of the paragraph especially Beckham's popularity while the concluding sentence states that he is still loved by many people after his retirement.
B. Write a similar paragraph about your favourite player. Mark the topic, supporting and concluding sentences in your paragraph.
Answer:
Kylian Mbappé Lottin is one of the rising stars in the world of football today. On December 20, 1998, he was born in Bondy, Paris, to Wilfried Mbappé and Fayza Lamari. He has mixed ancestry. At the age of six, Mbappé started playing football at A.S. Bondy before moving on to the Clairefontaine National Football Center. On December 2, 2015, he made his Monaco debut against S.M. Caen in a Ligue 1 game. He had broken Thierry Henry's record and joined Monaco's first team at the age of 16, breaking the previous record.
Mbappé became Monaco's youngest goal-scorer in 2016, signing a three-year contract. He scored his first hat-trick in 2017, became the second-youngest French footballer to score in the U.E.F.A. Champions League, and scored his 10th Champions League goal against Bayern Munich. In 2018, he represented France at the FIFA World Cup, scoring his first World Cup goal and becoming the second young player to score in a World Cup final. All his hard-working abilities have made him popular around the world.
Topic sentence: Kylian Mbappé Lottin is one of the rising stars in the world of football today.
Supporting sentence: At the age of six, Mbappé started playing football at A.S. Bondy before moving on to the Clairefontaine National Football Center. On December 2, 2015, he made his Monaco debut against S.M. Caen in a Ligue 1 game. He had broken Thierry Henry's record and joined Monaco's first team at the age of 16, breaking the previous record.
Mbappé became Monaco's youngest goal-scorer in 2016, signing a three-year contract. He scored his first hat-trick in 2017, became the second-youngest French footballer to score in the U.E.F.A. Champions League, and scored his 10th Champions League goal against Bayern Munich. In 2018, he represented France at the FIFA World Cup, scoring his first World Cup goal and becoming the second young player to score in a World Cup final.
Concluding sentence: All his hard-working abilities have made him popular around the world.
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PART 2 》POPULARITY OF DIFFERENT SPORTS IN THE WORLD
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